Archive for Opinion

The 4-Hour Work Week

The 4-Hour Work Week by Timothy Ferriss
(Vermilion, £11.99, 2010)
(This is the second in a regular series reviewing books outside of the realm of education, and looking at the impact they could have in a learning environment.)
Tagline
Escape the 9-5, Live Anywhere and Join the New Rich

Lowdown
I was keen to buy this from the moment I heard an interview with the author several years ago, not least because so much of our jobs in Education are what I will politely call ‘contact’ tasks; things that we can’t farm out to call centres in India or shippers in the next county from ours. Nevertheless, I was still intrigued by what he could share, and bought the book to find out what I could glean from it.
While the bulk of the book is indeed based around setting up an internet-only business, and streamlining it to within an inch of its life, there are several brilliant sections on actually becoming more efficient. It could quite easily be two books mixed into one – one about being a more organised person, and the other about automating a ‘virtual’ business.
The main benefits an educator can get from the book are practical ideas about efficiency. The author writes about strategies to reduce and improve communication, especially through email, and how to inform and reduce meeting times. These are two big problems in schools and colleges, and many good tips for improving them can be found.
Email for example has two main ‘choke’ points – habitual checking, which becomes inefficient, and replying can unresolve initial questions. The author recommends only checking work emails twice a day. When that statement is first read, how you react may well reflect your dependence on email. He suggests that 11am and 3pm are good times to check and respond to email, stating that if you check your email first thing, it controls your initial tasks. By waiting until 11am, it forces you to complete any outstanding work in good time. To help others appreciate this, re recommends setting up an Autoresponse, explaining that this is the policy of the email account, and also where other help may be found. While the logic is sound, how could this work in an educational environment?
Certainly, there is a range of evidence to suggest that schools need to improve their communication skills, and the use of email has helped this. In many other ways, it has also stifled and hindered communication, and Ferriss recommends answering any question with as a definitive answer as possible, recommending services which book up your ‘appointments calendar for you. He is all for automation, and it is this lack of personal touch which might be hardest to accept, and which may well depersonalise effective communication.
Nevertheless, there are some really sound ideas in this book, as well as strategic ways forward, to improve communication. His view on meetings for example are probably shared by many staff – by and large, meetings are over-long, pointless and create work rather than find solutions to problems. He advocates having a very specific list of minutes in advance, which people action before the meeting, the aim being that if you action enough of the points relevant to you, you are effectively able to withdraw from the meeting – your purpose has been served! While this may function well in a small business, I can see the practice being less successful than the theory in schools.
This book has aspiration – to improve, refine and streamline work tasks. While not all the ideas are appropriate, suitable or even relevant to Education, there is enough in here to ensure that schools and colleges will really benefit from.

The Management Angle
A big danger for SMTs is both the ‘include all’ email and the automated meeting – that of a meeting which involves the same people, at the same time, for the same duration every day/week. While it is important to get heads working together, the idea of an agenda completed in advance is both clever and could save countless valuable hours each year if implemented effectively.
Likewise, developing an ‘open after 11am’ strategy for emails, and only including emails to people you would like a response from can only boost productivity. Ferriss writes that email is the hardest thing to for an individual to give up, but many staff in SMT would be far more productive if all their email went through a human ‘filter’ first, to cherry pick relevant emails for action. A £60,000 head using 20% of their time to sort emails that a £15,000 could do in the same length of time is effectively wasting £9,000 a year.

The Teacher Angle
There are many repetitive tasks we would all as teachers much rather not involve ourselves in, yet are necessary for the job. Creating reports and labels, researching policies and mining data all take up time away from the real grit of teaching; planning, pupil contact and assessment.
In this book, Ferriss recommends offloading a lot of this autonomous work to others. While we may feel uncomfortable following his suggestions to use Mumbai-based office staff, there are plenty of other ways teachers could utilise others for mutual benefit or financial gain. A recent search on eBay for example found cottage industries happy to create labels for your primary class children’s books, for probably pennies more than it would take for you to make yourself, ignoring any time costs.

The Pupil Angle
Efficiency is not often seen as an important skill, but how often is it overtly taught to the children? Writing maths down using figures rather than words is efficient, as is touch-typing, preparing in advance and learning clever methods to remember the Periodic Table. Teaching children to pass on messages, and to complete tasks discretely from other members of a group are all very useful skills which are active in our lessons, but not often signposted enough. After reading this book, I tested this concept by looking at one pupil who was particularly efficient in getting ready for the ‘work’ part of the lesson. We discussed it, noting her techniques (sharpen at the end of every lesson, so the pencil is sharp at the beginning of a work task), and the class adopted some of her strategies. The result: whole-class productivity inside two minutes, rather than five.

Best quote

“By working faithfully eight hours a day, you may eventually get to be a boss and work twelve hours a day.”

Robert Frost, American Poet

Ponder now
How much time do you spend carrying out non-essential tasks? How much time would you have freed up if you could have these tasks removed?



Bounce (The myth of talent and the power of practice)

Bounce by Matthew Syed

(Fourth Estate, £8.99, 2010)

 

(This is the first in a regular series reviewing books outside of the realm of education, and looking at the impact they could have in a learning environment.)

 

Tagline

The myth of talent and the power of practice

 

Lowdown

This is a very powerful and interesting book, with a sporting background as its basis, which looks at the evidence for and against talent. It draws on the previous writing by Malcolm Gladwell, which ascribes to the idea that talent is a created concept, and what is seen as talent is actually at least 10,000 hours of practice. Syed’s writing is however much more involving than Gladwell’s at times, and he takes the reader through the concept of talent versus practice, then pinpoints several key features of practice.

 

10,000 hours of doing anything will not make you an expert he reasons, using driving as an argument, and the practice he recommends is one of focussed, intense practice, driven by coaches who give intense support for areas which are outside the comfort zone of the athlete. He argues that those tricky shots that David Beckham or Tiger Woods take are actually not so unusual to them due to their level of training and focus.

 

The main tenet which is carefully explored in both anecdote and psychological study is that of a fixed mindset versus a growth mindset. The fixed mindset is one which believes in talent, whereas a growth mindset accepts that it takes practice to improve a skill, and that nothing is impossible, simply ‘out of reach.’

 

The book is a very easy read – that is not to disparage the quality of the writing, but to highlight how well the material has been chosen for the reader. Although this book is from a sports/business background, the connections to Education are enormous.

 

The Management Angle

The demand for Gifted and Talented Policies within schools defines a school on a paper sense as having a fixed mindset. This then has the potential to establish a philosophy of talented and non-talented pupils. While it can be argued that there are children who are stronger at some subjects than others, it is always interesting to examine why this is the case, what the origin of this strength might be. Bounce contends that with enough focus, anyone can become talented. How this can be put into Policy, and then embedded in the curriculum, is a challenge for any SMT. The main message for management from ‘Bounce’ would be to stretch all pupils , regardless of their starting point, but to underline this by eliminating the concept of failure and doubt. As Syed says, doubt reduces ambition.

 

The Teacher Angle

One area which is incredibly relevant to teachers is the language used to develop a growth mindset. Syed argues that we should verbally reward the achievement rather than the overarching skill – ‘You really nailled those tables’ rather than ‘You’re so good at maths.’ The very subtle change in language can have a lasting impact in terms of the athlete’s/pupil’s perspective of their ability; the logic being that you get told you are good at Maths often enough, and you can become nervous if you tackle something you feel you ‘should’ be able to achieve.

 

The Pupil Angle

A perception of people being ‘born with talent’ comes from an early age, and is encouraged in popular media. Whether or not we believe that this is the case, it is crucial to instill confidence in pupils that there is no limit to potential, but that lengthy, repetitive and sometimes uncomfortable practice and dedication needs to be put into place in order to progress.

 

Best quote

‘If you don’t know what you are doing wrong, you can never know what you are doing right.’ – Chen Xinhua, Chinese Table-Tennis Coach

 

Ponder now

What about your learning environment is limited by a ‘fixed mindset’? Where was this embedded?

 


Thinking Aloud – Assemblies

I sometimes think that Assemblies are in the wrong place at almost all schools. We reserve our time in the mornings for the most important, most essential aspects of learning (often Maths, then Literacy), because we perceive this morning time to be the most effective in terms of learning, but before all of this, we put in a large amount of time devoted to collective worship.

I should state that I am very much in favour of assemblies, in fact, I love them. I love being in them, leading them, and also what they stand for. My most inspirational teacher, the one who confirmed my desire to work in Education, did so in one of her assemblies. This isn’t knocking assemblies, just their timing.

The difficulty they have is an innate elasticity, and danger of verging into a housekeeping meeting. These are important things, but is their location at the beginning of the day such a good idea? Here’s a radical one – put them at the end of the day. This frees up 15/20/25 minutes in the morning, the primal learning time, as well as allowing them to become much more of a celebration of what has happened in that day. All those applauses and certificates would be far more likely to be fed back to parents, there would be far less likelihood of overrunning, and it would allow the school community as a whole to end on an enriching high.

On the few events where I have experienced an assembly at the end of the day, the difference in atmosphere is tangible, exciting, upbeat. Wouldn’t it be great to end every school day like this?

#Googlemeetup – a review

I was lucky enough to attend a meeting on a cold Monday night of fifty like-minded educators at Google’s UK headquarters. Ostensibly to encourage further interest and evangelism of the Google Apps range of products, which are free for schools, it was also a great chance to meet others, share good practice and enjoy that feeling that the work you do in your school and class wasn’t really in isolation; that you weren’t on your own.

There were some familiar faces attending, the ‘inner circle’ of my PLN as I like to think of them,but the evening was far from closed and cliquey, as one may have considered. After a relaxed introduction by Ross Mahon, who has the fantastic title of of Google Apps Evangelist, where he laid out Google’s vision of Apps and their potential impact on Education, a range of attendees (including me) spoke, talking about the things we were doing in classrooms across the UK. Steve Bunce spoke of his work with VITAL, creating Teachshares, which seemed to be a discrete online version of a teachmeet. Next Jill Duman spoke about how Norfolk had ALL gone across to Google Apps, initially for email.

After a short but very tasty  minglemunch, we eturned for a lively and at times quite fiery discussion on digital literacies and the desire for simpler products for younger pupils, led by the ever-brilliant Tom Barratt. These sound two very dry topics, but it became quite animated quite quickly! We then had a small announcement (covered below) and hear from Andy Alcock, who uses Google Sketchup to inspire his KS3 pupils, an entertaining spot from David ‘Deputy’ Mitchell on embedding spreadsheets, and Ian Addison finished with his version of a VLE, which was built from the children, for the children.

One of the highlights of the evening, it has to be said, is that we were all given a Samsung Chromebook, as a thank you for primarily attending, and for spreading the word about the impact that Google products can have. Ross underlined the fact that it is quite open – it wasn’t a Google-only promo, if something worked with children, it was shared. I’m writing this post on my Chromebook, and I have to say, first impressions are very good. It really does boot up in eight seconds, and seems very quite compared to my macbook.

Despite all the things I picked up and learnt about, and felt confident to attempt myself, the main highlight for me was getting to meet some people I have followed on twitter as @mrlockyer for a long time. Thank you for being so friendly, and thank you Google for the chromebook!

Why I haven’t been blogging & Why I’ve started again

I could list endless reasons about why I have been blogging, but the simple, straight answer is that I haven’t made time for it. In between being a Dad, full-time Deputy Head and trying to finish my extension at home, I have been too mentally tired to really focus on writing for a purpose around my professional interests.

I have however missed it, as it makes me more reflective, and in an aim to refocus my approach to things, felt it was time to try harder in blogging terms. I have now had a year off from professional study (my MEd was completed in December), and I am gearing up to work more academically again, so I need to get back on the saddle as it were.

I am also planning on attempting the NaNoWriMo this year, where you are challenged to write a 50,000 word novel in a month. we are due to have our fourth child at some point during this month, so I’m not going to mention this to my wife any time soon! I have a plan for a story, and think that the discipline of writing around 1,800 words a day will be challenging but not impossible.

So there it is – I didn’t want anyone to think I’d fallen off the radar; I’ve just been very busy and not organised my ‘down’ time effectively enough! I will use Notesy (an App) to keep a list of possible blogging themes available for when they occur to me, but all suggestions considered!

Dress for success (in every sense!)

(This is an article I wrote for a forthcoming NQT Survival Handbook – I will add the link when it is available).

Phew! The interview is over, so you can relax now, pack away the suit/smart dress now and kick back a little; after all, your class are only four years old, right? Wrong. The way you dress gives a wealth of information to a wide range of people, and it is crucial to consider the audience that will see and judge you during the school day.

Parents
A large part of an NQT’s fear can often be the parents, who are sometimes quite intimidating. Dress professionally, and you have a far higher chance of being treated professionally too. If you dress smartly, the impression you are giving is of focus, pride and value to the role of a teacher.

Other Staff
They will normally be enormously supportive of you in your first year, and use them as a benchmark, but not the definitive guideline. Ask your mentor the dress code at school if it is not in the staff handbook, and if you are in any doubt, dress smart. If you are wearing a shirt and tie when everyone else is wearing tee shirts, you will stand out for the right reasons. Conversely, wearing a tee shirt when everyone else is smart will make you want the ground to eat you up!

Outsiders
You are now an ambassador for your school to everyone you meet in public. Every person you meet who you tell you work at X School will take a mental snapshot. How good an impression do you want to make in that snapshot?

Pupils
Children from three upwards form opinions based on how you dress (I checked with a three year old who lives at my house!). Don’t ever doubt the perception that you don’t have to be smart because they are young – give them a role model for professionalism. Be an inspiration and an aspiration. Can we really complain about pupils being untidy in their uniform or breaking the rules of we are wearing flip-flops and sunglasses in our hair?

The Future
Richard Templar writes about work clothes in his book “The Rules of Work”, and he hits the nail on the head when he says to try and dress in the way the person managing you dresses. If your Head wears a tie, wear a tie. Promotion and responsibility are as much about impression as experience.

The Litmus Test
In my fifth year of teaching, a fight broke out which I had to deal with, and we called the parent in to collect the ‘instigator.’ He came in very angry and defensive, but we managed to calm him down, and he ended up being very apologetic and wanting to work with us to break this cycle of anger his son had shown. This was on World book Day, and I was dressed as a pirate at the time. I had experienced dealing with all sorts of parent reactions, so I felt confident in dealing with this situation, even dressed like I was. As an NQT, you don’t necessarily have these sorts of people skills, and it is my firm belief that wearing the correct, smart clothing will help to both ‘protect’ you, and give you a feeling of professional confidence. Good luck!

General Tips
No flip-flops or sunglasses. It’s a job, not a holiday!
Consider the age group you teach, their gender and how their hormones operate…
If available, wear school colours for sports
Gents, shave every day
Clean your shoes every week
Change for PE lessons whenever possible
Match ties and shirts at the start of the week to save decisions later on
When in doubt, suit up
No denim

Litmus Test
Think of the best three teachers you ever had or observed. Can you remember what they wore?

Don’t just think of starting, start!

They say the first step of anything is the hardest, but I disagree. It is even considering that step, recognising that need, that is the hardest part. Got a problem? You need to acknowledge it before you can move on, or else you’re simply burying it. Deal with things by first recognising they need to be dealt with first.

Oliver Burkeman writes in his book Help that the key to breaking procrastination is to not wait until it feels right to start something; we are all very good at persuading ourselves a little job can wait until… whenever.

In the classroom, we expect the children to follow instructions so often, I think we sometimes neglect to raise the value in procrastination management. Certainly, I think that some agegroups in Key Stage Two are old enough to be able to discuss time strategies, as well as why they might avoid carrying certain tasks out.

Titles versus objectives

I was in a school hall recently, where the learning intentions of a lesson were still up on the whiteboard – all three lines of them too. I have certain views about having learning intentions or objectives on the board, and thought I would share these.

They remove any Vegas moments from some lessons

If your intention is on the board, this can be read by the students. While this is obvious, it doesn’t allow for that excitement of revealing the intention through an opening activity. As a case in point, a taught a recent geography lesson, where children (armed with maps) called out a European country, and I gave them a number that country had. The challenge was to work out what the number related to. If I had put “LI: To understand about landlocked countries” this activity would have been pointless, and its tangential learning benefits (debate, discussion, theorising) would have been harder to come by.

They waste time

If a student can’t tell you the intention by the middle or end of a lesson, can you really say that the intention was fully embedded in the teaching or learning. I would suggest that you should be able to walk into any part of a lesson and identify the intention within five minutes. It is the name in a stick of rock – pervading the whole experience.

They drain a start

I think that work should be as a result of a learning intention, not the basis for one. To that end, I strongly feel that a simple title should encapsulate the learning intention as effectively, if that. It should be easy to see what the intention is from the work; if not, are they well matched?

They can provide a barrier to understanding

for some pupils, they can not make the connection between the written intention and the activity they are carrying out. In this case, the written intention becomes a hindrance. For other pupils, who always seem to have lost their pencil/pen/chair, any delay to work is a bonus, so what better than to write the intention; it is copying, not thinking. in a 35 minute lesson, spending 5 minutes copying can waste over two hours a week, or two weeks in every school year overall. This is dead time.

Do you write objectives or intentions on the board? Do you disagree? Please let me know!

Echolining – questions teachers ask

I have had the privilege of observing many lessons recently, and have noticed how well teachers use what I term echolining as a means of deepening understanding.

I would classify echolining, is when a teacher repeats a child’s answer to underline and clarify their answer to themselves and others. It gives a fuller and more effective learning response than simply to praise for an answer, and can help to emphasise the actual learning intention in the lesson.

New parents are encouraged to talk to toddlers, expanding on their words. An example of this is if a toddler points at a cup and says ‘red’, it is suggested you say something like ‘yes, that cup is red’ or ‘yes, that is a red cup.’ Echolining does exactly the same, but in a more educational manner. It can be used to extend learning, focus learning or simply to draw attention to the most important aspect at that part of the lesson.

Echolining is particularly well used with names. Some teachers use names as a suffix, to ensure all children are creating an answer. Other teachers use names as a prefix, allowing that child to focus on the question or statement meant for them, while allowing the teacher to differentiate to a singular degree.

It is fascinating to listen to the questions that teachers ask, and the genuine impact they have on driving a learning intention home.

Some recruitment strategies for brave SMTs

I have always found the ways schools recruit teachers interesting , but a little  bit backward. Legal and safeguarding issues aside, the most important part of a teachers job is surely to be able to teach and engage. For almost all interviews this is at the end of the process, rather than at the beginning. It would make sifting through applications much more interesting, and for more popular schools, may actually reduce the number of applications. After all, if a teacher isn’t willing to send in a sample lesson plan, how willing are they going to be in demonstrating excellence in the classroom?

While it would be hard to make it a requirement, it would be interesting to see any examples of Senior Management Teams employing one of the following tactics as a request, along the lines of “teachers are welcome to submit one or more of the following to support their application:”

  • A YouTube video of themselves teaching
    Their best lesson plan
    Testimonials from their current class
    Send a link to their personal/school/class blog
    A copy of a range of differentiated work from one specific lesson